祁连山南麓高寒灌丛GPP变化特征及对生长季积温的响应

全球气候变化背景下气温逐渐升高,将会对陆地生态系统碳循环产生重要影响。研究利用2003?2016年的涡度相关系统观测资料,研究了祁连山南麓高寒灌丛生长季(5月?9月)总初级生产力(gross primary productivity,GPP)在不同时间尺度上对生长季有效积温(growing season degree days,GDD)的响应,对于研究气候变暖对高寒生态系统碳循环的影响有重要意义。结果表明:高寒灌丛生态系统在生长季的月GPP、GDD都表现为先增大后减小的单峰变化趋势,都在7月或8月达到峰值,在5月达到最小值。在整个生长季尺度上,GPP与GDD具有较高变异性,但整体上表现为逐渐增加的趋势(P<0.05)。2003?2016年整个生长季GPP与GDD的均值分别为507.11 g·m^?2和975.93℃。在月尺度和生长季尺度上,GPP与GDD都呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。但是,通过比较生长季每个月GPP与GDD的关系发现,5、9月的GPP与GDD没有显著相关性(P>0.05),而在7月相关性最为显著(P<0.01)。整体上看,高寒灌丛生态系统植被的总初级生产力与热量条件表现为正相关关系,由此说明在全球气候变暖的背景下,青藏高原高寒灌丛生态系统植被的光合生产能力将会提高。     

烯丙孕素-β-环糊精水溶性衍生物包合物的制备及表征

为了提高难溶性药物烯丙孕素（altrenogest,ALT）的水溶性,本试验采用冷冻干燥法来制备烯丙孕素-羟丙基-β-环糊精（ALT-HP-β-CD）及其衍生物2,6-二甲基-β-环糊精（DIME-β-CD）包合物载药体系,并对ALT的线性关系和专属性、仪器的精密度以及包合物的回收率和稳定性进行了测定。以包合物的收率和包合物中ALT的包合率为评价指标,采用正交试验设计优选2种包合物的最佳制备条件,并使用傅里叶变换红外光谱法、热重分析法和显微镜成像法对所制得的ALT包合物进行表征分析,采用溶解度法测定包合物中ALT的溶解度。结果表明,ALT在1~12 μg/mL范围内具有较好的线性关系且专属性良好,仪器的精密度良好;加入0.1、0.2和0.3 mL ALT标准液的ALT-HP-β-CD包合物的平均回收率分别为97.78%、99.38%和99.90%,加入0.1、0.2和0.3 mL ALT标准液的ALT-DIME-β-CD包合物的平均回收率分别为93.86%、97.72%和94.93%;ALT-HP-β-CD包合物的最佳制备工艺为在55 ℃条件下,ALT与HP-β-CD的投料摩尔比为1∶7,包合时间为4 h,溶液pH为8,溶剂水的加入量为110 mL/g药物;ALT-DIME-β-CD包合物的最佳制备工艺为在55 ℃条件下,ALT与DIME-β-CD的投料摩尔比为1∶4,包合时间为4 h,溶液pH为9,溶剂水的加入量为100 mL/g;经傅里叶变换红外光谱法、热重分析法和显微镜成像法表征,证实成功制得包合物;溶解度试验得出包合物的溶解度分别约为ALT原药的1 012和1 354倍,表明两种包合物均可有效增加ALT的溶解度。本试验包合物的制备方法简单,条件温和,易于产业化生产。     

降水、氮沉降及放牧对草地生态系统凋落物分解的影响研究进展

草地生态系统对我国建设生态文明、提供生态系统服务、保障食品安全和维护边疆稳定有举足轻重的作用。全球气候变化和过度的人为干扰打破了草地生态系统原有的平衡及稳定性,造成草地退化、沙化和盐渍化现象严重。草地生态系统结构、功能与过程的稳定是保证草地生态系统稳定的基础。凋落物分解过程是草地物质循环的重要环节,对维持草地生态系统稳定性具有重要作用。草地生态系统凋落物分解对降水格局变化、大气氮沉降增加及放牧干扰的响应已有较多的研究。对目前国内外相关研究进行了梳理和总结,发现降水、氮沉降和放牧对草地生态系统凋落物分解的影响,因地理位置和气候变化以及草地类型的异质性而不同,也有针对同一地区开展的研究呈现不同结果的现象。目前对这三种干扰因素中的两因素或三因素交互作用对草地生态系统凋落物分解过程的影响研究较少,而研究气候变化及人为干扰对草地生态系统凋落物的影响对正确理解草地生态系统结构与功能,以及可持续利用与保护草地生态系统具有重要的意义。     

Effects of Complex Nutritional Regulation Additives on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Grazing Sheep in Cold Season

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of complex nutritional regulation additives on growth performance, slaughter performance and serum biochemical indexes of grazing sheep in cold season.A single factor random block design was used and 48 grazing ewes with the average weight (28.01±1.70) kg and 7 months old were randomly divided into 4 groups:Group Ⅰ without supplement;Group Ⅱ with concentrate;Group Ⅲ with concentrate+complex formulation 1 (0.30% malic acid, 0.06% cysteamine, 0.08% saccharicterpenin);Group Ⅳ with concentrate+complex formulation 2 (0.60% malic acid, 0.12% cysteamine, 0.16% saccharicterpenin)with 3 replicates per group and 4 grazing ewes per replicate.The results showed that:①The final weight of group Ⅲ was the highest and higher than group Ⅱ and Ⅳ by 6.26% (P>0.05)、3.69% (P>0.05), respectively.The average daily gain of group Ⅲ was highest, and higher than group Ⅱ and Ⅳ by 26.32% (P<0.01)、5.74% (P>0.05) respectively.②Comparing with group Ⅱ, the slaughter rate of group Ⅲ was increased by 4.68% (P>0.05).Compared with groupⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅳ, the meat percentage of group Ⅲ was increased 18.46% (P<0.05), 10.97% (P>0.05) and 4.40% (P>0.05), while the net meat weight of carcass in group Ⅲ was increased by 49.74% (P<0.01), 13.22% (P>0.05) and 18.27% (P<0.05), respectively.Compared with groupⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅳ, the net meat rat of carcass in group Ⅲ was increased 10.42% (P<0.01)、6.00% (P>0.05) and 3.37% (P>0.05), respectively.③There was a rising trend as the order of groupⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅳ and Ⅲ in serum glucose, Ca, P, HDL, LDL, GPT and IgG, while A/G and TG showed a decreasing trend.Based on the above results, in this trial, supplementing complex nutritional regulation additives had good effects on growth performance, slaughter performance and serum biochemical indexes of grazing sheep in cold season.And supplementing complex formulation group 1 (group Ⅲ) was the best.     

Effect of the Immunity Efficacy of IBD Immune Complex Vaccine on ND La Sota Vaccine

1-day-old SPF chickens and commercial Jingfen chickens were vaccinated with IBD immune complex(IC) vaccine, NDV La Sota vaccine were inoculated simultaneously every one week and every two weeks.NDV La Sota immunization alone was as the control group.At the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th week post inoculation, blood samples were taken and the ND HI antibody were tested.Experimental chickens were challenged with high virulent NDV at the 5th week post inoculation, the protective rate of each group was calculated.The results showed the ND HI antibody were not significant different in the combined immunization of IBD IC vaccine priming and NDV La Sota vaccine boost and NDV La Sota vaccine alone immunization (P>0.05).The results indicated that IBD IC vaccine has no immunosuppression on NDV La Sota vaccine in SPF chickens and commercial Jingfen chickens.     

Adjuvant immunotherapy of feline fibrosarcoma with recombinant feline interferon-omega

BACKGROUND: Recombinant feline interferon-omega (rFeIFN-omega) was tested as a treatment option for cats with fibrosarcoma to assess safety and feasibility. HYPOTHESIS: Treatment with rFeIFN-omega in cats with fibrosarcoma is safe and feasible. ANIMALS: Twenty domestic cats. METHODS: In an open-labeled uncontrolled clinical trial 12 injections of 1 x 10(6) U/kg rFeIFN-omega were administered over a 5-week period: the 1st through 4th injections were given intratumorally, and the 5th through 12th injections were administered subcutaneously at the tumor excision site. Wide surgical excision of the tumors was carried out after the 4th injection and before the 5th injection of rFeIFN-omega. A Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) analysis was conducted. Flow cytometry of fibrosarcoma cells after incubation with rFeIFN-omega and recombinant feline interferon-gamma was performed to assess the biological effect of rFeIFN-omega. RESULTS: Changes in blood cell count, increases in serum aspartate-amino-transferase activity, serum bilirubin concentration, serum creatinine and serum electrolyte concentrations, weight loss, anorexia, increased body temperature, and reduced general condition were observed but were mostly minor (grade 1 and 2) and self limiting. Eosinophilia (P = .025), neutropenia (P = .021), and weight loss (P < .001) were statistically correlated with rFeIFN-omega-treatment (analysis of parameters before treatment and after 3 injections of rFeIFN-omega). Flow cytometry of 5 unrelated feline fibrosarcoma cell lines showed increased expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules (P = .026) in response to in vitro incubation with rFeIFN-omega, whereas expression of MHC class II molecules was not affected significantly. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: RFeIFN-omega for the treatment of feline fibrosarcoma is safe, well tolerated, and can be easily performed in practice. To assess the efficacy of the treatment, it should be tested in a placebo-controlled trial.     

Effect of the Silicic Acid Polymerization Degree on the Coagulating Property of Polyalumium Silicate Chloride

Polyaluminum silicate is a new type of inorganic macromolecular flocculants, which is developed as a complex product in recent years on the base of polyalumium flocculant and polysilicic acid flocculant. Sodium silicate is diluted to the concentration of 3.0% SiO 2 with distilled water. The solution was adjusted to pH 4.5 with sulphate acid and kept at quiescency for different time to get polysilicic acid with different polymerization degrees. Using polysilicic acid prepared and aluminium chloride as materials, a series of polyaluminium silicate chlorides(PASC) with different basicities(B), Al/Si molar ratios and polymerization degree of silicic acid are prepared by copolymerization technique. The Al-Ferron timed complex colorimetric method is applied to characterize species distribution of PASC and to study its influence factors. The interaction between hydrolyzed aluminum species and polysilicic acid with different polymerization degrees in PASC is discussed.The flocculant prepared is applied to the treatment of commercial concrete wastewater. The turbidity removal of commercial concrete wastewater is up to 97% when a PASC, prepared with polysilicic acid of 145 min polymerization degree.     

DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF SPINDLE

In this paper, taking a D1201 spindle as an example, we discuss the dynamic analysis of spindle by using the theory of the complex model, we also analyse the factors which effect the dynamic characterics of spindle and give results which arc reference value to improving the structure of spindle,     

Optimization of Energy Dissipation Braces in Frame Structures

In this paper, the complex method of the nonlinear programming is used to optimize the parameters of energy dissipation bracing in energy dissipation braced frame. This method is realized with computer program and proved to be efficient. A 6-story reinforced concrete frame is used as a demonstrative example.